Centering Pregnancy at Flushing Hospital

Flushing Hospital Medical Center is committed to providing the best possible prenatal care to our patients. That is why we are offering Centering Pregnancy to our expectant parents. 

Centering Pregnancy is an innovative prenatal model designed to promote the overall health and well-being of the mother and baby. Unlike traditional one-on-one prenatal visits, this approach incorporates small-group sessions for medical care, education, and emotional support, fostering meaningful relationships between participants and clinicians. 

After an initial private visit with a provider, participants in the centering pregnancy program, all of whom are in similar stages of their pregnancy, meet in a small group setting for their prenatal appointments. Here, participants share with and learn from each other during the course of their pregnancy. Each of the ten-centering prenatal care group sessions is approximately 90 minutes long. This group dynamic gives each of the participants the advantage of having more time with their provider. 

At the beginning of the session, our facilitator will guide each patient to get weighed, have their blood pressure checked, and record their values for the provider to review. The provider will listen to the baby’s heartbeat and review the pertinent patient-specific information. After this information is collected, the 8-12 participants will form a circle and begin the fun and interactive educational session. 

Some of the topics covered in these sessions, designed to promote health and well-being during the pregnancy and postpartum period, include: 

  • The progression of their pregnancy 
  • Relaxation techniques 
  • Common discomforts and how to resolve them 
  • Nutrition during pregnancy 
  • What to expect during labor and delivery 
  • Newborn feeding, including breastfeeding 
  • Newborn care 

Games are played to help the learning process and to assist in building friendships between the participants. After the educational session, there is a question-and-answer period. 

Expectant mothers are actively involved in their care as they share similar experiences with women during the same stage of pregnancy. Moms and providers can relax and get to know each other. Many long-lasting friendships are formed from being involved in Centering Pregnancy. 

Studies show that women who participate in Centering Pregnancy programs tend to experience: 

  • Fewer preterm births (33 percent fewer, according to some research) 
  • Lower rates of emergency C-sections 
  • Higher rates of breastfeeding 
  • Better engagement in their own health 
  • Improved spacing between pregnancies 
  • Better well-child visit attendance and immunization rates 
  • Lower rates of postpartum depression 
  • Dramatically reduced racial disparities in preterm birth, especially among African American women 

“The Centering Pregnancy has proven to be overwhelmingly positive, with participants expressing satisfaction with the group setting and the support they receive. Expectant women learn together, feel less isolated, and share their questions and experiences. Empowering women and allaying fears throughout pregnancy and after birth has been a benefit of Centering Pregnancy,” said Maria DeMarinis Smilios, MSN, CNS, RNC, IBCLC, Director of Nursing-Maternal & Child Services and Ambulatory Care 

These are the many benefits of Centering Pregnancy compared to traditional care. There is no extra charge for this type of prenatal care when compared to traditional prenatal care. 

For more information and to schedule for Centering Pregnancy, call 718 670-8992. 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Celiac Disease Awareness Month

May is Celiac Awareness Month. It is observed as a time to raise awareness for the more than three million Americans living with celiac disease, an autoimmune condition that causes the immune system to react to gluten, a protein found in foods containing wheat, barley, and rye. 

 It is estimated that up to 83% of Americans who have celiac disease are undiagnosed or misdiagnosed with other conditions. 

When a person has celiac disease, eating gluten triggers an immune response to the gluten protein in the small intestines. The immune system sends inflammatory cells and antibodies to destroy the gluten molecules. Over time, this reaction can damage the lining of the small intestine, which prevents it from absorbing nutrients. This condition is called malabsorption. It can also lead to malnutrition and several other conditions resulting from a lack of nutrients. 

The symptoms of celiac disease can vary greatly. They can also be different in children and adults. Digestive symptoms for adults include: 

  • Diarrhea 
  • Fatigue 
  • Weight loss 
  • Bloating and gas 
  • Belly pain 
  • Nausea and vomiting 
  • Constipation 

However, more than half the adults with celiac disease have symptoms that are not related to the digestive system, including: 

  • Anemia 
  • Osteoporosis 
  • Dermatitis herpetiformis 
  • Mouth ulcers 
  • Headaches and fatigue 
  • Nervous system injury, including numbness, tingling in the feet and hands, as well as possible problems with balance, and cognitive impairment 
  • Joint pain 
  • Hyposplenism 
  • Elevated liver enzymes 

Children with celiac disease are more likely than adults to have digestive problems, including: 

  • Nausea and vomiting 
  • Chronic diarrhea 
  • Swollen belly 
  • Constipation 
  • Gas 
  • Pale, foul-smelling stools 

For children who aren’t able to absorb nutrients, it may cause: 

  • Failure to thrive in infants 
  • Damage to tooth enamel 
  • Weight loss 
  • Anemia 
  • Irritability 
  • Short stature 
  • Delayed puberty 
  • Neurological symptoms, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), learning disabilities, headaches, lack of muscle coordination, and seizures 

Celiac disease is most commonly found in people of Northern European descent. It is estimated to affect 1% of the populations of Europe and North America. A person has a 10% chance of developing the disease if they have a first-degree relative, such as a parent or child, who has it. About 97% of people diagnosed with celiac disease have a recognizable gene variant associated with it. 

A person’s genes, combined with eating foods with gluten and other factors, can contribute to celiac disease. However, the precise cause isn’t known. Sometimes celiac disease becomes active after surgery, pregnancy, childbirth, viral infection, or severe emotional distress. 

Several risk factors cause celiac disease to be more common in people who have: 

  • A family member with celiac disease or dermatitis herpetiformis 
  • Type 1 diabetes 
  • Down syndrome, Williams syndrome, or Turner syndrome 
  • Autoimmune thyroid disease 
  • Microscopic colitis 
  • Addison’s disease 

Many people with celiac disease don’t know they have it. However, two blood tests can help diagnose it: 

  • Serology testing 
  • Genetic testing 

It is important to be tested for celiac disease before trying a gluten-free diet. Eliminating gluten from your diet might make the results of the blood tests appear in the standard range. 

The first and most important step in treating and the only way to manage celiac disease is to stop eating gluten and adopt a strict, lifelong gluten-free diet. You can’t change the way your body reacts to gluten, but you can prevent gluten from triggering a reaction. Additional treatments may include: 

  • Nutritional supplements 
  • Specific medications 
  • Corticosteroids 
  • Continuous follow-up care 

To schedule an appointment with a gastroenterologist or dietitian at Flushing Hospital Medical Center, please call 718-670-5486. 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Metabolic Syndrome and How it Can Lead to Heart Disease

Metabolic syndrome is a group of conditions that increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, and other health problems.  

The number of people with metabolic syndrome is increasing, as up to one-third of adults in the U.S. have it. 

When a person is diagnosed with metabolic syndrome, they have three or more risk factors, such as: 

  • High blood pressure 
  • High blood sugar  
  • Low levels of HDL, or good cholesterol  
  • High triglyceride levels in the blood 
  • A large waist circumference or an apple-shaped body 

Although each of these conditions is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, when a person has three or more of them and is diagnosed with metabolic syndrome, the chances of them developing a serious cardiovascular condition increase.  

There are several underlying causes of metabolic syndrome, such as: 

  • Being overweight and being obese 
  • Having an insulin resistance 
  • Being physically inactive 
  • Genetic factors 
  • Increasing age 

Metabolic syndrome is a serious health condition; however, there are ways to reduce your risk of developing it, such as: 

  • Being more physically active 
  • Losing weight 
  • Eating a heart-healthy diet that is rich in: 
  • Whole grains 
  • Fruits and vegetables 
  • Fish  

Another way to reduce your risk of developing metabolic syndrome is working with your healthcare team to monitor and manage your blood sugar, blood cholesterol, and blood pressure. 

If you or a loved one is experiencing symptoms of metabolic syndrome, you can receive treatment at Flushing Hospital Medical Center’s Ambulatory Care Center. To schedule an appointment, please call (718) 670-5486. 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Things You Should and Shouldn’t Do After Bariatric Surgery

Bariatric surgery is a life-changing procedure. Following your doctor’s post-operation instructions and making healthy lifestyle changes are essential to avoiding complications and achieving long-term weight loss success. 

Patients should expect to have a new lifestyle that combines healthy eating, exercise, and attending regular visits with their healthcare providers. They should also consider these dos and don’ts after bariatric surgery: 

  • What you should do after bariatric surgery: 
    • Eat slowly and chew food well 
    • Aim to drink 64oz of fluids daily, taking small sips 
    • Eat 60g or more of protein daily, starting every meal with it 
    • Make fruits and vegetables the priority of your diet 
    • Start walking for five minutes every hour after surgery 
    • Aim for a goal of 30 minutes of exercise daily after it is allowed to do so 
    • Take all medications and supplements as prescribed, they will need to be taken for the rest of your lifetime 
  • What you shouldn’t do after bariatric surgery: 
    • Skip any meals 
    • Eat red meat early in recovery 
    • Engage in any strenuous activities 
    • Lift any objects over 10 lbs. for the first four to six weeks after surgery 
    • Eat fast food 
    • Eat or drink anything with natural sugar 
    • Drink liquids within 30 minutes after eating 
    • Eat bread, rice, pasta, bagels, or dumplings 
    • Allow yourself to get too hungry 
    • Take a bath or go swimming for two weeks after surgery 
    • Smoke cigarettes or drink alcohol 
    • Eat snacks loaded with empty calories 
    • Get pregnant for 12 to 18 months after surgery 
    • Stop taking medications as directed by your healthcare provider 

Bariatric surgery can be a life-changing and life-altering event for those who are trying to lose weight and live a healthier lifestyle. Making diet changes, modifying exercise routine, and following the guidelines set by your healthcare provider and surgical team can lead you to long-term success. 

For more information about the Bariatric Surgery Services at Flushing Hospital or procedures performed by our doctors, please call718-408-6977 or 718-670-8908. 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

How Microplastics and Nanoplastics Affect Our Long-Term Health

Microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) are plastic particles that fail to break down and have become a major concern for environmental and human health.

These plastic particles are extremely small, as microplastics range from 1 micrometer to 5 millimeters. Nanoplastics are even smaller, as they are less than one micrometer.

There are two types of microplastics, primary microplastics and secondary microplastics. These microplastics typically come from two main sources. Primary microplastics are manufactured at a small size intentionally. Secondary microplastics are formed from the breakdown of larger plastic items.

There are public concerns about the health effects of microplastics and nanoplastics, as they have been found in our bodies because of what we eat, drink, or breathe.

Nanoplastics can behave differently from microplastics or materials that are larger. Their small size means that they may move more easily through biological membranes or interact differently with cells in the body.

Larger microplastics are filtered by the body’s natural defenses, such as the mucus and cilia in the airways, but can still get inhaled into the lungs and even infiltrate the bloodstream or the barriers to the digestive system.

Scientific research has pointed to the likelihood of nanoplastics being far more toxicologically active than microplastics, due to their being small enough to pass through some biological barriers and easily absorbed into the body, which can potentially disrupt and damage internal organs and processes.

Evidence suggests that microplastics may be correlated with health conditions, including:

  • Chronic degenerative diseases
  • Cardiovascular disease
  • Inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBS)

Additionally, existing research has found that microplastics can accumulate in the human brain. They can also be found in plaque formed in our arteries.

Currently, the U.S. doesn’t have regulations around microplastics. However, there are ways to reduce your exposure to microplastics, including:

  • Cutting back on bottled water
  • Getting an NSF-certified water filter
  • Avoiding storing food in plastic containers
  • Avoiding the reuse of single-use plastics for food and drinks
  • Avoiding heating plastic
  • Washing plastic by hand
  • Keeping your air clean

According to health experts, there are ways you can lower your risk of the health effects linked to microplastics, including:

  • Eating a balanced diet
  • Getting enough sleep and exercise
  • Lowering stress
  • Seeing preventative care

Unfortunately, plastic is everywhere, and it is hard to avoid. However, it is important to remember that all the plastic we use will end up in a landfill and eventually in our environment and in our bodies. Limiting plastic usage and production will hopefully have a positive impact on future generations.

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Spring Superfoods: What’s In Season?

Spring is a time for renewal and rejuvenation. So why not rejuvenate your diet by adding spring superfoods to receive their benefits?  

Seasonal superfoods are the key to maximizing nutrients, improving digestion, and staying connected to nature. The reason to eat superfoods during the season they are most prominent is that they are at the peak of their nutritional value. Foods grown and eaten in season are fresher, more flavorful, and full of vitamins. Eating greens that are abundant in the spring can detoxify and cleanse your body. Here are some spring superfoods to add to your diet: 

  • Asparagus is rich in vitamins A, C, E, and K, and is a good source of folate and fiber, which benefit the digestive system by flushing out toxins and help to promote healthy skin 
  • Spinach is high in fiber and iron and contains vitamins A, C, and K, which combine to support eye, blood, immune, metabolic, and gut health 
  • Radishes contain vitamins C and K, as well as calcium and potassium, which help support liver health and digestion 
  • Artichokes contain fiber, potassium, magnesium, and vitamin C, which help support liver function and gut health, as well as support energy production, metabolism, and maintain healthy nerve and heart function 
  • Strawberries are rich in antioxidants and an excellent source of vitamin C, potassium, and folate, which help reduce free radicals linked to cancer and diabetes, and other conditions  
  • Spring onions are a great source of antioxidants, which can help prevent heart disease and cancer, and reduce the risk of developing chronic disease 
  • Sweet peas are a great source of fiber, protein, vitamins C and A, which are good for eye health 
  • Rhubarb is full of vitamins A and K, and B vitamins, which are good for immune, skin, eye, and bone health, and support a healthy metabolism 
  • Fennel contains fiber, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, and vitamins C and A, which help with digestive problems, such as cramping, bloating, and gas, support eye, muscle, and bone health, boost brain health, control blood pressure, and strengthen the immune system  
  • Fava beans are a great source of magnesium, protein, and fiber, which are good for heart, bone, immune, and blood health, as well as support digestive and weight management functions, and provide neurological and brain support 
  • Garlic scapes contain glutathione, sulfur compounds, and other flavonoids, which help reduce oxidative stress which is linked to cancer, liver and kidney disease and other illnesses 
  • Fiddleheads contain the B vitamin niacin, which is essential for a healthy metabolism, nervous system, hair, skin, and eyes 
  • Mint contains vitamins A and C, iron, calcium, flavonoids, and rosmarinic acid, which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that protect cells from oxidative stress and may support overall immune function, as well as being high in menthol, which helps soothe inflammation and ease gastrointestinal symptoms 
  • Salmon is a great source of omega-3s, which can help protect the heart, brain, and more due to its anti-inflammatory benefits 
  • Blackberries are packed with fiber, potassium, and vitamin C, as well as anthocyanins, and support gut, heart, and immune health 
  • Carrots contain beta and alpha carotenes, which may help reduce cancer risk, and are full of fiber, potassium, and vitamin C for an extra boost in gut, heart, and immune health 
  • Mushrooms are a good source of vitamin D, which supports bone health and immune function 
  • Arugula contains vitamins A and K, beta-carotene, and calcium, which help with digestion, eyesight, and bone health  

If you would like to learn more about superfoods and their health benefits, you can schedule an appointment at Flushing Hospital Medical Center’s Ambulatory Care Center. Please call (718) 670-5486. 

 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Losing Muscle As We Age

As we age, we start to lose muscle mass gradually. This is called sarcopenia.

Sarcopenia, a type of atrophy, is the age-related progressive loss of muscle mass, function, and strength.

Everyone loses muscle mass over time; however, people who have sarcopenia lose it more quickly. Sarcopenia usually begins around the age of 35 and accelerates between the ages of 65 and 80. Rates of this acceleration vary; however, as much as 8% of muscle mass is lost each decade.

The natural aging process is usually the main cause of sarcopenia as the body doesn’t produce the same number of proteins the muscles need to grow, which causes them to get smaller. However, researchers have discovered other possible risk factors of the condition, including:

· Physical inactivity

· Obesity

· Chronic diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), kidney disease, diabetes, cancer, and HIV

· Rheumatoid arthritis

· Insulin resistance

· Malnutrition or inadequate protein intake

· Reduction in hormone levels

· Decrease in the ability to convert protein to energy

· Decline in the number of nerve cells that send messages from the brain to the muscles telling them to move

Sarcopenia affects the musculoskeletal system and is a major factor in increased frailty, falls, and fractures. These conditions can lead to hospitalizations and surgeries, which increase the risk of complications, including death.

This condition can also affect people with a high body mass index (BMI), which is called sarcopenic obesity. People suffering from obesity and sarcopenia have a greater risk of complications than those with obesity or sarcopenia alone.

The most common symptom of sarcopenia is muscle weakness. Other symptoms may include:

· Decrease in muscle size

· Difficulty performing daily activities

· Poor balance and falls

· Loss of stamina

· Trouble climbing stairs

· Walking slowly

A healthcare provider may diagnose sarcopenia after they perform a physical exam and ask you about your symptoms. They may also ask you to complete a questionnaire based on your self-reported symptoms called the SARC-F, which stands for:

· Strength

· Assistance with walking

· Rising from a chair

· Climbing stairs

· Falls

You score each factor with a number between 0 and 2, with the highest maximum and total SARC-F being 10. A SARC-F score of 4 or more warrants more testing.

There is no single test that can diagnose sarcopenia. A healthcare provider may recommend several tests to help diagnose and then determine the severity of sarcopenia. These tests include:

· Muscle tests:

  •  Handgrip test
  • Chair stand test
  • Walking speed test
  • Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB)
  • Timed-up and go test (TUG)

· Imaging tests for measurement of muscle mass

  • Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA or DXA)
  • Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)

The treatment for sarcopenia usually includes lifestyle changes, as they can treat and help reverse the condition. These lifestyle changes include:

· Physical activity, which includes resistance-based strength training

· A healthy diet

Sarcopenia is not fully preventable. However, there are steps you can take to slow the progression of the disease, including:

· Making healthy food choices

· Exercising regularly

· Attending routine physicals

If you or a loved one is experiencing symptoms of sarcopenia, you can receive treatment at Flushing Hospital Medical Center’s Ambulatory Care Center. To schedule an appointment, please call (718) 670-5486.

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Dumping Syndrome

Dumping syndrome or rapid gastric emptying is a condition that occurs when food and gastric juices move abnormally quickly from the stomach to the small intestine after eating.  

Dumping syndrome most commonly occurs after stomach surgery due to it altering the stomach, which can increase the risk of developing the condition. These surgeries are performed mostly to treat obesity, but they can also treat stomach cancer. Dumping syndrome can also happen after esophageal surgery, such as surgery to treat esophageal cancer. Surgeries for other conditions can cause dumping syndrome, including: 

  • Bariatric surgery 
  • Esophagectomy 
  • Gastrectomy 
  • Vagotomy 
  • Fundoplication 
  • Pyloroplasty 

Symptoms of dumping syndrome generally start within minutes after eating, especially meals containing high levels of table sugar and fruit sugar. Symptoms include: 

  • Nausea 
  • Vomiting 
  • Feeling bloated or too full after eating 
  • Stomach cramps 
  • Diarrhea 
  • Rapid heart rate 
  • Dizziness or lightheadedness 
  • Flushing  

Late dumping syndrome starts one to three hours after eating a meal that is high in sugar. It takes time for symptoms to develop because the body releases large amounts of insulin to absorb the sugars entering the small intestine after eating. This process results in low blood sugar levels. Symptoms of late dumping syndrome can include: 

  • Rapid heart rate 
  • Sweating 
  • Weakness  
  • Dizziness or lightheadedness 
  • Flushing 

Some people can have both early and late symptoms. 

A healthcare provider can diagnose dumping syndrome by using the following methods: 

  • Discussing medical history and performing a medical evaluation 
  • Testing blood sugar 
  • Performing a gastric emptying test 

If a person has early dumping syndrome, the condition is likely to resolve itself on its own within three months. In the interim, dietary changes may help ease symptoms. If dietary changes don’t help, an antidiarrheal medicine will be prescribed and injected under the skin to slow food from emptying into the intestine.  

If medication doesn’t work, surgical procedures such as reconstructing the pylorus of a reverse gastric bypass may be recommended. 

There are dietary strategies that can help maintain good nutrition and minimize symptoms, including: 

  • Eating smaller meals 
  • Drinking 6-8 cups of fluids per day 
  • Drinking most of your fluids between meals 
  • Lying down for 30 minutes after meals 
  • Changing your diet 
  • Increasing fiber intake 

If you are going to drink alcohol, it is important to speak with your healthcare provider before doing so. Drinking alcohol beverages can worsen dumping syndrome symptoms because they can be absorbed quickly and can have high sugar content, which can lead to blood sugar levels rising rapidly and cause a significant insulin spike and then eventually low blood sugar. 

If you or a loved one is experiencing symptoms associated with dumping syndrome, you can receive treatment at Flushing Hospital Medical Center’s Ambulatory Care Center. To schedule an appointment, please call (718) 670-5486. 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

IBS vs Lactose Intolerance

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and lactose intolerance can cause similar symptoms in the digestive system. They include: 

  • Diarrhea  
  • Abdominal pain 
  • Gas 
  • Bloating 

Although their symptoms overlap, they are separate conditions with differences in how they are diagnosed and treated. 

IBS is a common condition that affects the stomach and intestines. It causes various symptoms, including: 

  • Cramping that is related to the urge to poop 
  • Excess gas 
  • Mucus in the poop 
  • Alternating diarrhea and constipation 
  • The feeling of being unable to empty the bowels after pooping 

There are three types of irritable bowel syndrome, which are categorized based on how poops look on the days of having symptom flare-ups. They include: 

  • IBS with constipation (IBS-C) causes most poop to be hard and lumpy 
  • IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D) causes most poop to be watery and loose 
  • IBS with mixed bowel habits (IBS-M) causes hard and lumpy, as well as watery and loose bowel movements 

Unfortunately, researchers don’t know what causes IBS. However, IBS is classified as a neurogastrointestinal disorder or a gut-brain interaction. A gut-brain interaction means there are problems with how the gut and brain coordinate to help the digestive system work. IBS can also be caused by: 

  • An imbalance in the microbes that normally live in the digestive system 
  • Emotional stress and adverse life events 
  • An infection of the digestive tract, which includes common stomach bugs 

Lactose intolerance is a condition that occurs when people lack the enzyme lactase. This makes it difficult to digest lactose, which is the sugar present in milk and milk products.  

Lactose malabsorption is the inability to break down and absorb lactose molecules in the digestive system. Lactose malabsorption is common, as about 65% of adults worldwide can’t break down and absorb lactose.  

Lactose intolerance symptoms can appear inside and outside of the digestive system. Symptoms include: 

  • Nausea and vomiting 
  • Headaches 
  • Fatigue 
  • Joint pain 
  • Problems concentrating 
  • Mouth ulcers 

Primary lactose intolerance is inherited and is more common in certain ethnicities and parts of the world. In the U.S., African Americans, Latinx, Asian Americans, and Native Americans are more likely to suffer from lactose intolerance.  

Although it is uncommon, other forms of lactose intolerance are caused by disease or medications.  

IBS and lactose intolerance can be diagnosed without testing. A person’s health history is an important part of diagnosing these conditions.  

An IBS diagnosis is based on symptoms described in the Rome criteria, the guidelines used to diagnose gut-brain interaction, which includes stool changes, such as diarrhea, constipation, or a combination, and abdominal pain for at least one day each week during the previous three months. 

If these symptoms meet the Rome criteria, an IBS diagnosis can be made without the need for an invasive test such as a colonoscopy.  

However, further diagnostic testing would be needed if symptoms include blood in the stool, fever, and weight loss to determine if these are symptoms of another condition. 

The first steps in diagnosing lactose intolerance include a health history and physical exam. In some cases, a clear connection between a person consuming dairy products and symptoms can suggest a diagnosis of lactose intolerance.  

In certain cases, a breath test to diagnose lactose intolerance is available. During this test, a person drinks a solution that contains lactose and breathes to have their breath captured and measured for hydrogen. A higher level of hydrogen in the breath can indicate lactose intolerance. 

IBS treatment starts with diet and lifestyle changes, including: 

  • Adopting a low-FODMAP diet, which is a diet that is low in certain carbohydrates such as fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols 
  • Eating more fiber 
  • Avoiding caffeine and alcohol 
  • Decreasing and managing stress 
  • Identifying and avoiding foods that cause symptoms 
  • Eating small meals on a regular schedule 
  • Treating mental health conditions 
  • Increasing physical activity 
  • Trying a peppermint oil supplement 

If lifestyle and diet changes don’t help, many drugs could help, including: 

  • Antidiarrheals 
  • Antispasmodics 
  • Laxatives 
  • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) 
  • Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) 
  • Other prescription drugs 

Treating lactose intolerance consists of avoiding foods that cause symptoms, dairy products that have less lactose or are lactose-free, or taking a supplement that breaks down lactose. 

If you or a loved one is experiencing symptoms associated with IBS or lactose intolerance, you can receive treatment at Flushing Hospital Medical Center’s Ambulatory Care Center. To schedule an appointment, please call (718) 670-5486. 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Foods You Should Not Eat with Gallbladder Problems

The gallbladder is an organ that plays an essential role in digesting the foods we eat. Some foods we eat can be good for our gallbladder, while others can harm it. If you have gallstones or if your gallbladder is inflamed or infected due to gallbladder disease, you may need to follow a specific diet to protect your gallbladder. 

If you are experiencing problems with your gallbladder, various foods can increase your risk of developing diseases, including: 

  • Saturated and trans fats increase the risk of gallstones 
  • Refined carbohydrates increase the likelihood of developing gallstones 
  • Ultra-processed foods increase the risk of gallbladder disease 
  • Sugar-sweetened beverages increase the risk of gallbladder cancer 

If your diet consists of these foods, a healthcare provider may recommend following a diet to help improve the health of your gallbladder. A healthcare provider may suggest a diet that consists of: 

  • Fruits and vegetables that contain essential nutrients such as fiber, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants may reduce the risk of gallstones 
  • Whole grains are a great source of dietary fiber that can help your digestive health and gallbladder, which may reduce the risk of gallstone disease 
  • Healthy fats may increase bile secretion and prevent gallbladder disease, benefiting gallbladder health 
  • Lean protein that is low in fat, such as poultry, fish, low-fat dairy, and especially plant-based protein, may lower the risk of gallbladder disease 

Two types of gallbladder diets may help lower your risk of gallstone issues: the Mediterranean diet and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet. 

  • Mediterranean diet- focuses on eating whole foods and healthy fats 
  • DASH diet- focuses on high-fiber, heart-healthy foods that are low in sodium, which lowers your risk of hypertension 

A gallbladder diet may be difficult to adhere to at first. However, here are some meal-planning tips to follow to help: 

  • Controlling your portion sizes and the frequency of meals may protect against gallstones by helping empty the gallbladder and preventing bile build-up 
  • Adding specific foods to your diet can reduce your risk of and protect against gallbladder disease 
  • Maintaining a food diary to keep track of any symptoms you have and what you ate before the symptoms started, as it is important to know what foods may trigger symptoms.  
  • Planning meals and snacks can ensure you have the proper foods available when it is time to eat, instead of going too long between meals, which may increase the risk of gallstones 
  • Staying hydrated can help bile flow from your gallbladder to your small intestine, aiding in digestion 

If you have been diagnosed with gallbladder disease and are considering surgery, robotic surgery could be an option. Robotic gallbladder surgery has many benefits, including:  

  • It is the best way to relieve gallbladder-related symptoms, such as belly pain, nausea, and vomiting.  
  • It lowers the risk of developing complications, such as infection or inflammation of nearby bile ducts or organs 
  • It prevents gallstones from returning, as well as any future gallstone attacks 

There are many potential advantages of robotic-assisted surgery over other types of surgery, including: 

  • Robot-assisted surgery provides surgeons with 3D images of the abdomen and pelvis, creating a clearer picture to reference during the operation
  • Under the surgeon’s direction, the robot can move more freely and with more versatility than a human hand 
  • You’ll have a few tiny scars 
  • You’re more likely to experience less pain and less bleeding after surgery compared to open surgery
  • A shorter hospital stay

To learn more about our robotic surgical procedures or schedule an appointment, contact Flushing Hospital Medical Center at (718) 670-5000. 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.