Transient Ischemic Attack

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a short period of symptoms like a stroke, caused by a brief blockage of blood flow to the brain. A transient ischemic attack usually only lasts a few minutes and doesn’t cause long-term damage.  

A transient ischemic attack may be a warning. About one in three people who have a TIA will eventually have a stroke, with about half occurring within a year. 

According to the Mayo Clinic, the symptoms of a transient ischemic attack are like the symptoms of an early stroke and happen suddenly. Symptoms may include: 

  • Weakness, numbness, or paralysis in the face, arm, or leg, typically on one side of the body 
  • Slurred speech or trouble understanding others 
  • Dizziness or loss of balance or coordination 
  • Blindness in one or both eyes or double vision 

A person can have more than one transient ischemic attack. Their symptoms may be similar or different depending on which area of the brain is involved. 

Transient ischemic attacks occur when cholesterol-containing fatty deposits build up in an artery. These fatty deposits decrease the blood flow through an artery or lead to the development of a clot.  

Some of the risk factors of a transient ischemic attack can’t be changed, but others can be controlled. 

Risk factors that can’t be changed include: 

  • Prior transient ischemic attack 
  • Family history 
  • Age 
  • Sex 
  • Sickle cell disease 

Risk factors you can control include: 

  • Health conditions 
  • High blood pressure 
  • Cardiovascular disease 
  • Carotid artery disease 
  • High cholesterol 
  • Diabetes 
  • Peripheral artery disease (PAD) 
  • Excess weight 
  • COVID-19 
  • High levels of homocysteine 

Lifestyle choices 

  • Physical inactivity 
  • Poor nutrition 
  • Cigarette smoking 
  • Heavy drinking 
  • Use of illicit drugs 

Knowing your risk factors and living a healthy lifestyle are the best things you can do to prevent a transient ischemic attack. Living a healthy lifestyle includes: 

  • Getting regular checkups 
  • Exercising regularly 
  • Maintaining a healthy weight 
  • Quitting smoking 
  • Controlling diabetes 
  • Lowering cholesterol 
  • Limiting alcohol intake 
  • Eating plenty of fruits and vegetables 
  • Avoiding illicit drug use 

Diagnosing a TIA includes an immediate evaluation, which is essential. An evaluation may include:  

  • Physical exams and tests 
  • Carotid ultrasonography 
  • CT or CTA scans 
  • MRI or MRA scans 
  • Echocardiography 
  • Arteriography 

A diagnosis helps your healthcare provider determine the best treatment for you. Treatment for a transient ischemic attack occurs once your healthcare provider determines its cause. The goal of treatment is to correct the issue and prevent a stroke. Treatments include: 

  • Medicines, such as antiplatelet drugs and anticoagulants 
  • Surgical procedures, such as an angioplasty 

If you or a loved one is experiencing symptoms of a transient ischemic attack, you can receive treatment at Flushing Hospital Medical Center’s Emergency Department. To schedule an appointment, please call (718) 670-5486. 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Ultrasound vs Sonogram: What Is the Difference?

For many of us, medical terminology can be confusing. When you are scheduled for an exam, such as an ultrasound or a sonogram, they might sound like they are the same thing. However, ultrasounds and sonograms are two different parts of the same medical test.  

An ultrasound exam is a procedure that uses sound waves beyond the range humans can hear to create images of soft tissues inside the body, helping healthcare providers diagnose or rule out several conditions. It is noninvasive, painless, and doesn’t use radiation. 

An ultrasound can spot growths or abnormalities inside your body and can also clearly show and measure fluids.  

Healthcare providers will use ultrasound exams to view: 

  • Breast lumps and cysts 
  • Muscles and tendons 
  • Blood flow in your arms, neck, and legs 
  • Abdominal organs, including your gallbladder, liver, pancreas, and spleen 
  • Your urinary system, including your bladder and kidneys 
  • Pelvic organs such as your ovaries, prostate, and uterus 
  • Fluids, such as amniotic fluid during a pregnancy or urine in your bladder 

An ultrasound can’t see everything, as it is usually not the best test for viewing bones, which block sound waves. Ultrasounds also can’t see structures inside your joints, such as cartilage. 

Healthcare providers don’t just use ultrasound as a standalone medical exam. They also use it to guide minimally invasive procedures, such as breast biopsy.  

A sonogram is a real-time, moving image created by an ultrasound machine. It can be printed, saved digitally, or used to show organs, soft tissues, blood flow, or a developing baby. Sonograms will be viewed and interpreted by a radiologist who will send a report to your referring healthcare provider with a diagnosis or other information based on your results. A healthcare provider will then study and review the sonogram images and video loops to detect abnormalities, monitor health conditions, and support treatment planning. These images help healthcare providers explain findings clearly and give patients a better understanding of their medical care.  

Understanding the difference between an ultrasound and a sonogram helps patients navigate medical imaging more confidently. Both are safe, noninvasive, and widely used in medical diagnostics. 

The Flushing Hospital Department of Radiology offers a wide variety of advanced, state-of-the-art diagnostic imaging services. To schedule an appointment, call 718-670-5458. To schedule an appointment for an MRI or learn more about the MRI, please call 718-670-8851.

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Wellness Wednesday Tip: Staying Physicall Active

Life can move fast, and we may not have enough time to exercise as much as we would like to. Most people spend half of their day sedentary. The more you sit, the more your large muscles aren’t using glucose, the body’s main source of energy. Sitting for long periods of time can cause blood sugar levels to rise, triggering the body to release insulin.  

Over time, sedentary habits cause the body to become less sensitive to insulin, resulting in insulin resistance. 

Regular physical activity is one of the most important things you can do for your health. What’s more, any kind of exercise can reduce fatigue and improve sleep, decrease anxiety and depression, improve weight management, and promote brain health. It can also help prevent and reduce the risk of long-term health problems, such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and obesity.  

Additionally, regularly moving your body lowers your risk for some types of cancers, fatty liver disease, chronic pain, arthritis, and even dementia.  

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), adults need at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity each week. Moderate-intensity physical activity can be any activity that gets you to breathe harder and your heart beating faster, such as: 

  • Brisk walking  
  • Dancing  
  • Swimming 
  • Roller skating 
  • Jogging 
  • Riding a bike 
  • Playing a sport  

Moving your body doesn’t always have to involve working out in a gym. You can also climb the stairs, garden, or play with your children or pets.  

Whether you are just starting or haven’t been physically active for a while, there are ways to get started. Here are some tips to help you add more physical activity to your daily life: 

  • Look for ways to make physical activity a part of your daily routine, such as walking the dog or walking in place during commercial breaks while watching TV 
  • Start with activities, locations, and times you enjoy 
  • Find a place near your home or work to be physically active 
  • Try activities with friends or family that you enjoy together 

If you lack the time, space, energy, skill, or if something else is preventing you from being more physically active, such as a fear of injuring yourself, here are ways to overcome these obstacles: 

  • Add physical activity to your daily routine, such as parking farther away from your destination or taking the stairs instead of the elevator 
  • Schedule physical activity for times in the day or week when you will feel more energetic 
  • Invite a friend or family member to exercise with you regularly 
  • Choose activities you can do safely, and increase the amount you do gradually as your confidence and abilities grow 
  • Be sure to warm up and cool down before walking to avoid injury 

Regular physical activity is one of the most important things you can do for your health. Everyone can experience the health benefits of physical activity, as it gets your body moving and your heart beating faster.  

It is recommended that you consult your doctor before starting or adding new exercises to your routine. You can schedule an appointment with a doctor at Flushing Hospital’s Ambulatory Care Center by calling (718) 670-5486. 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Summer Health Concerns and How to Prevent them

Summer is in full swing, so most of our time will be spent outside doing various activities. However, there are many health concerns to consider.

Here are some summer health concerns and how to prevent them:

  1. The human body is made of up to 78% of water, and when it doesn’t get enough, it can’t function properly. In high heat, dehydration can become severe and fatal. To prevent dehydration, it is important to stay hydrated. You can do this by drinking water and eating water-rich foods. Staying properly hydrated can also prevent kidney stones.
  1. Sunburns occur when ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun cause a radiation burn on the skin. Sunburns can contribute to premature aging of the skin and skin cancer, and can also lead to dehydration, sun poisoning, and infection from severe burns. To prevent sunburn, wear sunscreen containing titanium oxide or zinc oxide every day, even on overcast days. Make sure to cover your entire body, including your ears, eyelids, lips, scalp, and, if exposed, the top of your feet.
  1. Spending time in the sun doesn’t only bring the risks of sunburn and dehydration. It also brings the risk of heat illnesses, including:
  • Heat rash- a red stinging rash that develops when sweat gets trapped in your glands.
  • Heat cramps are painful muscle cramps that occur when you sweat so much that your body loses salts and fluids.
  • Heat exhaustion occurs when the body can’t cool itself through sweating. If it’s not treated, it can quickly turn into heatstroke.
  • Heatstroke, or sunstroke, occurs when a person’s body temperature climbs to dangerous levels. It’s the most severe heat-related illness and can be fatal.

To prevent heat illnesses, limit the time you spend outdoors. Also, take any symptoms you observe in yourself and others seriously.

  1. Insects are more active during the summer, which means there’s a higher risk of encountering them. Especially for:
  • Bee stings
  • Mosquito bites
  • Tick bites
  • Ant bites

To prevent bugs from stinging or biting you, wear an insect repellent with the active ingredients DEET or picaridin. Other ways to prevent stings and bites include:

  • Avoid using scented products.
  • Drain any standing water.
  • Put on protective clothing.
  • Don’t leave any food uncovered outside.
  1. We want to spend more time near water to cool off as temperatures rise. However, it is important to follow proper safety precautions to avoid drowning risks. Here are some ways to prevent drowning risks:
  • Learn CPR
  • Use drain covers on pool drains.
  • Wear life jackets
  • Sign up for swimming lessons.
  1. Everybody loves a good summer barbecue or cookout, but sometimes the food we eat doesn’t always love us back. The smoking process that gives smoked meats their flavor also creates harmful substances called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons or PAHs and heterocyclic amines or HCAs. The National Cancer Institute warns that PAHs and HCAs are mutagenic, meaning they can cause changes to your DNA that put you at risk for certain types of cancer. You can prevent ingesting these harmful substances by using liquid smoke as an alternative marinade for your meats. Foodborne illness can be a concern for cookout food as well. This is the case for food left out or leftover sitting in the “temperature danger zone” of 40 to 140 degrees Fahrenheit. These temperatures allow bacteria to grow that can make you sick. You can prevent foodborne illness by cooking meats to a safe temperature and throwing any food that has sat out too long in the trash.
  1. Seasonal allergies caused by pollen is a huge problem in the summer as the weather gets warmer and trees, grass, and flowers pollinate. To prevent seasonal allergies, try taking allergy medications before the season starts so your body can build its defense.

These preventative measures can help you enjoy your summer and keep you safe.

If you or a loved one is experiencing symptoms of heat-related illness, you can receive treatment at Flushing Hospital Medical Center’s Ambulatory Care CenterTo schedule an appointment, please call (718) 670-5486. If you or someone you are with is experiencing an emergency, call 911 immediately.

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

How as Few as Two Cigarettes Per Day Increases Risk of Heart Disease

Smoking tobacco products, such as cigarettes, is the leading preventable cause of disease and death in the United States. According to the American Cancer Society, an estimated 480,000 people die from cigarette smoking in the U.S. each year, with many of them dying from cancer. What’s more, people who smoke die about ten years earlier than those who have never smoked.  

Smoking doesn’t just cause cancer. It can also cause several other diseases and can damage nearly every organ in the body, including the lungs, blood vessels, reproductive organs, bones, mouth, eyes, and skin. 

Smoking tobacco can also damage the heart, as it can increase a person’s risk of developing heart disease. 

According to a study conducted by researchers at Johns Hopkins University, who looked at the smoking habits of more than 300,000 adults for almost twenty years, it was discovered that men and women who smoked as few as two cigarettes daily had a 60 percent increased risk of death from any cause compared to those who never smoked. 

Additionally, the study also found that the group of smokers participating in the study had a 50 percent risk of heart disease.  

According to Dr. Jennifer Miao, a cardiologist at Yale University, “tobacco use is a very well-established risk factor for heart disease. It really damages the blood vessel lining and accelerates the development of plaques and coronary disease.” 

Smoking can also cause heart rhythm issues, such as atrial fibrillation and stroke. 

Unfortunately, the study found that cutting back on cigarette smoking may not be enough to undo the harm it causes. Despite current smokers having a higher risk of death than former smokers, former smokers still had an increased risk of heart disease more than twenty years after they had stopped smoking, according to the study. 

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, quitting smoking is the most important action a person could take to improve their health, as it reduces the risk of premature death and smoking-related diseases, such as heart disease, cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). 

Treatments such as smoking cessation counseling and nicotine replacement therapy medications, including over-the-counter patches, gum, lozenges, and prescribed inhalers and nasal sprays, can help manage nicotine withdrawal symptoms and cravings, and help you quit smoking.  

Flushing Hospital Medical Center provides extensive assistance for people willing to quit smoking. It offers a free smoking cessation support group and one-on-one sessions, both in person and by phone. For more information, please call 718-206-8494.

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Labile Hypertension

Labile hypertension means your blood pressure goes up and down in a way that can be difficult to predict and manage with medications. This is not an official diagnosis. Instead, it is more of an informal, descriptive term.  

Blood pressure normally fluctuates throughout the day, even within minutes, based on what you are doing. However, sudden emotional distress, such as feeling very stressed or anxious, causes your sympathetic nervous system to react.  

The exact triggers for labile hypertension vary from person to person. Some people have emotional triggers. Other people can have triggers, such as: 

  • Physical activity 
  • Salty foods  
  • Alcohol  
  • Lack of sleep  
  • Your body position 

To support normal blood flow, your body must adapt to these changes. However, with labile hypertension, your blood pressure spikes to levels that would not be healthy if you had them all the time. 

There is no reason to worry if your blood pressure is in the normal range. Labile hypertension usually isn’t dangerous and doesn’t require treatment. However, it is a good idea to tell your healthcare provider about any high blood pressure readings, so they are aware of them. Your healthcare provider may want to keep a closer eye on your blood pressure in case you need treatment at some point.  

You can have labile hypertension without noticing. However, it is common to experience symptoms that come on rapidly, in response to stress, and dissipate once you feel better emotionally. You may feel symptoms such as: 

  • A headache 
  • Heart palpitations 
  • Heavy sweating 
  • Flushing or a warm sensation in the upper body 

A healthcare provider may determine that you have labile hypertension if they observe a pattern of blood pressures that fluctuate unpredictably, which can make it difficult to manage.  

A healthcare provider may perform tests such as “orthostatic” vital signs, which means checking your blood pressure while you’re in different positions.  

A healthcare provider may also consider looking for neurological causes of labile blood pressure or evidence of stiffening in your aorta and blood vessels, as both can lead to sudden changes in blood pressure.  

If your blood pressure spikes while at home, you can use a home blood pressure monitor that saves a history of your readings to share with your healthcare provider. They may ask you to do ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, which measures your blood pressure many times over 24 hours. Ambulatory blood pressure monitors show your average readings during the day and night, which can show if you have high blood pressure all the time or only at certain times. 

There isn’t a threshold for what is considered to be labile hypertension. However, research shows that it is common to have a systolic blood pressure of 160 mm Hg or higher. 

A healthcare provider will prescribe medicine to keep your blood pressure at a healthy level. It may take several tries to prescribe medications to level your blood pressure throughout the day. Prescription medications may include taking certain, longer-acting blood pressure medications. A healthcare provider may also suggest taking medications at certain times of the day, such as at specific times in the morning, at night, or with certain triggers.  

It is difficult to treat labile hypertension. However, documenting your blood pressure readings accurately and working with your healthcare provider can help make a difference. 

If you or a loved one is experiencing symptoms of labile hypertension, you can receive treatment at Flushing Hospital Medical Center’s Ambulatory Care Center. To schedule an appointment, please call (718) 670-5486. 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Preeclampsia Awareness Week

May is Preeclampsia Awareness Month, a time to raise awareness of this potentially fatal pregnancy condition.  

Preeclampsia is a complication of pregnancy that occurs around the 20th week during pregnancy and lasts about six weeks after birth. It is characterized by symptoms, such as high blood pressure and protein in the urine, and can cause major difficulties for the mother and baby if the condition isn’t monitored and managed.   

Other symptoms of preeclampsia include: 

  • Severe headache 
  • Swelling in the hands and face 
  • Vision problems 
  • Nausea and vomiting 
  • Pain in the stomach or abdomen 
  • Sudden weight gain 
  • Shortness of breath 

Symptoms of postpartum preeclampsia include: 

  • Severe headache 
  • Vision changes 
  • Swelling of the hands and face 
  • Difficulty breathing 

It is important to note that the shorter the time between diagnosis and treatment, the better the outcomes for the mother and baby.  

Preeclampsia and related hypertension diseases of pregnancy (HDPs) affect approximately 76,000 mothers and 500,000 newborns every year and are the leading cause of maternal and infant illness and death in the U.S. and worldwide.  

According to a report done by the Preeclampsia Foundation based on survey data, which analyzed knowledge from almost 3,000 new and expectant mothers that closely represent the demographics of the U.S. population, found that 80% of new and expectant mothers are aware of preeclampsia as a dangerous high blood pressure condition related to pregnancy. However, only 8% of them can correctly name all its major symptoms, and only 29% expressed fear that it may impact their own pregnancy.  

Here are some additional statistics about preeclampsia: 

  • Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy complicate 5%-10% of all pregnancies worldwide. They include: 
  • Preeclampsia, with or without features 
  • Eclampsia 
  • Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome 
  • Gestational hypertension 
  • Black women experience severe maternal morbidity events at 2.1 times the rate of white women 
  • Most maternal and infant deaths caused by HDPs occur in low- and middle-income countries 
  • The U.S. ranks 47th worldwide for maternal mortality, and is the only industrialized nation with a rising maternal mortality rate 
  • Sixty percent of hypertension-related maternal deaths are potentially preventable, which highlights missed opportunities for appropriate, recommended care of maternal hypertension 

There are several ways to improve outcomes for women affected by preeclampsia, including: 

  • Screening for risk factors and early hypertension control, nutrition, and exercise, which may help decrease rates of preeclampsia 
  • Providing easy-to-understand preeclampsia signs and symptoms education tools to improve patient understanding of these, and to discuss with their healthcare providers 
  • Supporting prenatal quality collaboratives that help hospitals to implement care practices that reduce early delivery and reduce severe pregnancy complications 
  • Providing access to midwives, doulas, and other trained childbirth attendants throughout the prenatal, labor, and delivery, and postpartum periods. This can improve pregnancy outcomes for all moms, especially those in the BIPOC community 
  • Encouraging and instructing prenatal and postpartum patients on self-measured blood pressure protocols. Pregnancy is the perfect time for women to check, know, and share their blood pressure readings 
  • Standardizing and providing care guidelines on the leading causes of maternal mortality, including hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. This has been shown to decrease maternal illness and death 

Preeclampsia rates in the U.S. are on the rise. It is important that all women know the signs, symptoms, and risk factors for developing high blood pressure during pregnancy, but also know they don’t need to have risk factors to develop it. 

Flushing Hospital’s Women’s Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology offers comprehensive, multi-disciplinary, and culturally sensitive care. Our services are provided by a highly skilled team of OBGYNs. For more information about gynecological services at FHMC’s Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, call us at (718) 670 8994. 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Metabolic Syndrome and How it Can Lead to Heart Disease

Metabolic syndrome is a group of conditions that increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, and other health problems.  

The number of people with metabolic syndrome is increasing, as up to one-third of adults in the U.S. have it. 

When a person is diagnosed with metabolic syndrome, they have three or more risk factors, such as: 

  • High blood pressure 
  • High blood sugar  
  • Low levels of HDL, or good cholesterol  
  • High triglyceride levels in the blood 
  • A large waist circumference or an apple-shaped body 

Although each of these conditions is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, when a person has three or more of them and is diagnosed with metabolic syndrome, the chances of them developing a serious cardiovascular condition increase.  

There are several underlying causes of metabolic syndrome, such as: 

  • Being overweight and being obese 
  • Having an insulin resistance 
  • Being physically inactive 
  • Genetic factors 
  • Increasing age 

Metabolic syndrome is a serious health condition; however, there are ways to reduce your risk of developing it, such as: 

  • Being more physically active 
  • Losing weight 
  • Eating a heart-healthy diet that is rich in: 
  • Whole grains 
  • Fruits and vegetables 
  • Fish  

Another way to reduce your risk of developing metabolic syndrome is working with your healthcare team to monitor and manage your blood sugar, blood cholesterol, and blood pressure. 

If you or a loved one is experiencing symptoms of metabolic syndrome, you can receive treatment at Flushing Hospital Medical Center’s Ambulatory Care Center. To schedule an appointment, please call (718) 670-5486. 

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

How Microplastics and Nanoplastics Affect Our Long-Term Health

Microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) are plastic particles that fail to break down and have become a major concern for environmental and human health.

These plastic particles are extremely small, as microplastics range from 1 micrometer to 5 millimeters. Nanoplastics are even smaller, as they are less than one micrometer.

There are two types of microplastics, primary microplastics and secondary microplastics. These microplastics typically come from two main sources. Primary microplastics are manufactured at a small size intentionally. Secondary microplastics are formed from the breakdown of larger plastic items.

There are public concerns about the health effects of microplastics and nanoplastics, as they have been found in our bodies because of what we eat, drink, or breathe.

Nanoplastics can behave differently from microplastics or materials that are larger. Their small size means that they may move more easily through biological membranes or interact differently with cells in the body.

Larger microplastics are filtered by the body’s natural defenses, such as the mucus and cilia in the airways, but can still get inhaled into the lungs and even infiltrate the bloodstream or the barriers to the digestive system.

Scientific research has pointed to the likelihood of nanoplastics being far more toxicologically active than microplastics, due to their being small enough to pass through some biological barriers and easily absorbed into the body, which can potentially disrupt and damage internal organs and processes.

Evidence suggests that microplastics may be correlated with health conditions, including:

  • Chronic degenerative diseases
  • Cardiovascular disease
  • Inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBS)

Additionally, existing research has found that microplastics can accumulate in the human brain. They can also be found in plaque formed in our arteries.

Currently, the U.S. doesn’t have regulations around microplastics. However, there are ways to reduce your exposure to microplastics, including:

  • Cutting back on bottled water
  • Getting an NSF-certified water filter
  • Avoiding storing food in plastic containers
  • Avoiding the reuse of single-use plastics for food and drinks
  • Avoiding heating plastic
  • Washing plastic by hand
  • Keeping your air clean

According to health experts, there are ways you can lower your risk of the health effects linked to microplastics, including:

  • Eating a balanced diet
  • Getting enough sleep and exercise
  • Lowering stress
  • Seeing preventative care

Unfortunately, plastic is everywhere, and it is hard to avoid. However, it is important to remember that all the plastic we use will end up in a landfill and eventually in our environment and in our bodies. Limiting plastic usage and production will hopefully have a positive impact on future generations.

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.

Heart Stent

When a coronary artery becomes narrow, it is due to the buildup of plaque. When this occurs, it may reduce blood flow to the heart and cause symptoms such as chest pain.

If a clot forms in a narrow coronary artery, it completely blocks blood flow and causes a heart attack. This is when a heart stent is used. A heart stent is a tiny, flexible wire-mesh tube that helps keep a coronary artery open, increasing blood flow to the heart.

A heart stent is used when a coronary artery is about 70% blocked. Using a stent improves blood flow to the heart and relieves chest pain. Most stents are permanent and help to reduce the risk of a heart attack.

There are many types of stents used to keep the coronary arteries open. They include:

· Bare metal stents

· Biodegradable stents

· Drug-eluting stents

When a stent is placed in a coronary artery, it is done through a minimally invasive procedure called angioplasty or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). During this procedure, a healthcare provider will insert a thin, flexible tube called a catheter in the heart’s blood vessels. The catheter has a balloon at the tip, which will be inflated to open the narrowed coronary artery and allow placement of the stent. After the procedure, a healthcare provider will prescribe blood thinners to prevent blood clots from blocking the artery again.

It is important to watch out for complications after getting a heart stent. If you are experiencing chest pain, it may be a symptom of restenosis, which is when the artery narrows again due to the growth of tissue. When this occurs, it can lead to a heart attack. If you are experiencing restenosis, you may need another procedure to place a drug-eluting stent.

Speak with your healthcare provider about the recovery time for the procedure. Most people will need to rest for a few days to a week before returning to work and any physical activity. It is also important to discuss follow-up care with your healthcare provider, as you may need to see a cardiologist or pulmonologist.

If you or a loved one is experiencing symptoms of chest pain, you can receive treatment at Flushing Hospital Medical Center’s Ambulatory Care Center. To schedule an appointment, please call (718) 670-5486.

All content of this newsletter is intended for general information purposes only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a medical professional before adopting any of the suggestions on this page. You must never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment based upon any content of this newsletter. PROMPTLY CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN OR CALL 911 IF YOU BELIEVE YOU HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.